Compare Baker Island (2008) - Montenegro (2006)

Compare Baker Island (2008) z Montenegro (2006)

	Baker Island (2008)	Montenegro (2006)

Administrative divisions	-	21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak
Agriculture - products	-	grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible
Airports	one abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m covered with vegetation and unusable (2006)	5 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 14,026 sq km land: 13,812 sq km water: 214 sq km
Area - comparative	about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.	The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.
Birth rate	-	12.6 births/1,000 population (2004)
Budget	-	revenues: NA expenditures: NA
Capital	-	name: Podgorica (administrative capital) geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Cetinje (capital city)
Climate	equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun	Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
Coastline	4.8 km	293.5 km
Constitution	-	12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Baker Island	conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro conventional short form: Montenegro local long form: Republika Crna Gora local short form: Crna Gora former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro
Death rate	-	9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004)
Debt - external	-	NA
Dependency status	unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC
Disputes - international	none	ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro
Economic aid - recipient	-	NA
Economy - overview	no economic activity	The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.
Electricity - consumption	-	NA
Electricity - production	-	2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m	lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m
Environment - current issues	no natural fresh water resources	pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor
Ethnic groups	-	Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12%
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006) cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%
Exports	-	$171.3 million (2003)
Exports - partners	-	Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of the US is used	a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: % NA industry: % NA services: % NA
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA
Geographic coordinates	0 13 N, 176 28 W	42 30 N, 19 18 E
Geography - note	treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife	strategic location along the Adriatic coast
Imports	-	$601.7 million (2003)
Imports - partners	-	Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003)
Independence	-	3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006
Industries	-	steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	3.4% (2004)
International organization participation	-	CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA
Judicial branch	-	Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)
Labor force	-	259,100 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 2% industry: 30% services: 68% (2004)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 625 km border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 13.7% permanent crops: 1% other: 85.3%
Languages	-	Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian
Legal system	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply	based on civil law system
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections) elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1
Location	Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia	Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia
Map references	Oceania	Europe
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	NA
Merchant marine	-	total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT by type: cargo 4 registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard	Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$2.306 billion
National holiday	-	National Day, 13 July
Nationality	-	noun: Montenegrin(s) adjective: Montenegrin
Natural hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard	destructive earthquakes
Natural resources	guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife	bauxite, hydroelectricity
Political parties and leaders	-	Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]
Population	uninhabited note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service	630,548 (2004)
Population below poverty line	-	12.2% (2003)
Population growth rate	-	3.5% (2004)
Radio broadcast stations	-	31 (2004)
Railways	-	total: 250 km standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005)
Religions	-	Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system
Telephones - main lines in use	-	177,663 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	543,220 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	-	13 (2004)
Terrain	low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef	highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus
Transportation - note	there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast	-
Unemployment rate	-	27.7% (2005)

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